Gartner defines communications service provider (CSP) revenue management and monetization (RM&M) as a part of a business support system (BSS). These are commercial off-the-shelf software solutions with functionality that enable CSPs to execute their revenue management (rating, charging, billing, payments, collections, partner settlement, revenue assurance and fraud management), and billing and payments associated customer care and monetization initiatives. Monetization here refers to revenue growth initiatives and activities using levers, such as solutions for mobile banking or any other new vertical, supporting as-a-service propositions and analytics enabling new business models.