Gartner defines CSP revenue management and monetization as a part of BSS, as commercial off-the-shelf software solutions that enable CSPs to manage their revenue management (rating, charging, billing, payments, collections, revenue assurance and fraud management) and monetization initiatives. RM&M solutions also enable CSPs with billing and payments associated customer care. Monetization refers to revenue growth initiatives and activities using levers, such as solutions for mobile banking, supporting as-a-service propositions and new business models.