“Application testing services” is a comprehensive term for the verification and validation services that support quality control and quality assurance (QA) of clients’ applications. Verification assesses whether a product/application or service complies with regulations, requirements, specifications or enforced constraints. Validation typically involves engagement with external customers to confirm suitability and acceptance. Infrastructure testing services, mobile device testing and software testing tools created for the market by independent software vendors (ISVs) are not included in this definition.
Risk management is a continuous and integrated process that supports and informs the creation of an entity's overall business strategy. It provides a mechanism for ensuring that important business processes and behaviors remain within the entity's overall risk appetite and adhere to the relevant policies, procedures, laws and regulations. The RM process is a strategic and holistic treatment of all strategic, operational, financial reporting, and legal/compliance risks, including the IT and information management components of those risks. Gartner defines risk management (RM) consulting services as the bundle of expert-driven consulting services directed at helping enterprises mitigate the impact of uncertainty on business performance. Management consulting firms offer a variety of RM services